The ventilator that revolutionised respiratory care How to use the material This post for social media is about mechanical ventilator that was invented by Swedish physician and engineer Carl Gunnar Engström in the 1950s to treat polio.
Captions In the 1950s, when polio epidemics ravaged Europe, Swedish physician and engineer Carl Gunnar Engström (1912–1987) would revolutionise respiratory care with his mechanical ventilator.
👨⚕️ At the time, patients with severe breathing failure were often treated with iron lungs – coffin-like machines that created pressure changes around the patient's body to force air in and out of the lungs. As an infectious disease doctor, Engström witnessed the limitations of iron lungs first-hand.
💡 In 1950, he patented a new type of ventilator that would become known as the Engström Universal Respirator. Using a cylinder and pump system, this device could deliver a pre-set volume of oxygen directly into the patient's lungs through a tube in the windpipe. A dial allowed doctors to adjust both volume and frequency.
For exhalation, Engström’s ventilator originally assisted in removing air from the lungs, rather than relying solely on the natural elasticity of the chest. Later, the ventilator was developed to allow patients to breathe out naturally on their own, rather than having the machine actively pull air out of their lungs.
👏 Engström's innovation not only saved many lives, it laid the foundation for modern mechanical ventilation.
Photos: 1. Örebro Kuriren/Örebro läns museum, 2. Wikipedia/CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
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"name": "Georgian",
"slug": "georgian"
},
{
"id": 37,
"name": "German",
"slug": "german"
},
{
"id": 64,
"name": "Italian",
"slug": "italian"
},
{
"id": 32,
"name": "Korean",
"slug": "korean"
},
{
"id": 50,
"name": "Latvian",
"slug": "latvian"
},
{
"id": 58,
"name": "Lithuanian",
"slug": "lithuanian"
},
{
"id": 55,
"name": "Macedonian",
"slug": "macedonian"
},
{
"id": 57,
"name": "Polish",
"slug": "polish"
},
{
"id": 53,
"name": "Portuguese",
"slug": "portuguese"
},
{
"id": 75,
"name": "Romanian",
"slug": "romanian"
},
{
"id": 10,
"name": "Russian",
"slug": "russian"
},
{
"id": 76,
"name": "Serbian",
"slug": "serbian"
},
{
"id": 74,
"name": "Slovak",
"slug": "slovak"
},
{
"id": 51,
"name": "Slovenian",
"slug": "slovenian"
},
{
"id": 35,
"name": "Spanish",
"slug": "spanish"
},
{
"id": 43,
"name": "Swedish",
"slug": "swedish"
},
{
"id": 63,
"name": "Thai",
"slug": "thai"
},
{
"id": 52,
"name": "Turkish",
"slug": "turkish"
},
{
"id": 65,
"name": "Vietnamese",
"slug": "vietnamese"
}
]
},
"material_format": {
"name": "Formats",
"terms": [
{
"id": 44,
"name": "Exhibitions",
"slug": "exhibitions"
},
{
"id": 30,
"name": "Feature film",
"slug": "feature-film"
},
{
"id": 66,
"name": "Manuals",
"slug": "manuals"
},
{
"id": 28,
"name": "Presentations",
"slug": "presentations"
},
{
"id": 25,
"name": "Print materials",
"slug": "print-materials"
},
{
"id": 54,
"name": "Quizzes",
"slug": "quiz"
},
{
"id": 6,
"name": "Social media content",
"slug": "social-media"
},
{
"id": 40,
"name": "Templates",
"slug": "templates"
},
{
"id": 77,
"name": "Toolkit",
"slug": "toolkit"
},
{
"id": 29,
"name": "Video",
"slug": "video"
}
]
},
"material_topic": {
"name": "Topics",
"terms": [
{
"id": 70,
"name": "Architecture",
"slug": "architecture"
},
{
"id": 72,
"name": "Art",
"slug": "art"
},
{
"id": 11,
"name": "Celebrations",
"slug": "celebrations"
},
{
"id": 24,
"name": "Children & youth",
"slug": "children-youth"
},
{
"id": 17,
"name": "Democracy",
"slug": "democracy"
},
{
"id": 69,
"name": "Design",
"slug": "design"
},
{
"id": 71,
"name": "Film & drama",
"slug": "film-drama-series"
},
{
"id": 14,
"name": "Food",
"slug": "food"
},
{
"id": 18,
"name": "Gender equality",
"slug": "equality"
},
{
"id": 12,
"name": "History",
"slug": "history"
},
{
"id": 19,
"name": "Innovation",
"slug": "innovation"
},
{
"id": 41,
"name": "LGBTQI+",
"slug": "lgbtqi"
},
{
"id": 67,
"name": "Literature",
"slug": "literature"
},
{
"id": 68,
"name": "Music",
"slug": "music"
},
{
"id": 20,
"name": "Society",
"slug": "society"
},
{
"id": 46,
"name": "Sports",
"slug": "sports"
},
{
"id": 15,
"name": "Study",
"slug": "study"
},
{
"id": 21,
"name": "Sustainability",
"slug": "sustainability"
},
{
"id": 31,
"name": "Sweden in general",
"slug": "sweden-in-general"
},
{
"id": 5,
"name": "Trade",
"slug": "trade"
},
{
"id": 73,
"name": "Work",
"slug": "work"
}
]
}
},
"category": false
}
} 
